Supplemental Security Income (SSI) provides vital financial support to low-income individuals who are elderly, blind, or disabled. But as tax season approaches, many SSI recipients are asking whether they need to file taxes—and if doing so could help them unlock additional benefits.
Are SSI Benefits Taxable?
The short answer is no—SSI benefits are not taxable. Since SSI is funded by general tax revenues rather than Social Security taxes, it is classified as financial assistance rather than income. As a result, most SSI recipients do not have to file federal tax returns.
However, some situations in 2025 may make it beneficial—or even necessary—for certain SSI recipients to file a tax return.
When Should SSI Recipients Consider Filing Taxes?
- If You Earned Additional Income
If you had any income beyond your SSI benefits, such as wages from a part-time job or self-employment, you may need to file taxes. The IRS requires individuals to file if their total income exceeds specific thresholds:- $14,850 for single individuals over 65.
- $13,850 for single individuals under 65.
Even if your income is below these limits, filing a return could help you access refunds or tax credits.
- To Claim Missed Stimulus Payments or Tax Credits
SSI recipients who did not receive previous stimulus payments—such as the $1,400 payment from 2021—can still claim the money by filing a 2021 or 2022 tax return. The IRS has emphasized that those who missed these payments should act quickly to avoid losing out. - Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
If you worked part-time or had a low income in 2025, you may qualify for the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC). This credit is refundable, meaning you could receive a refund even if you didn’t owe any taxes. Filing a tax return is the only way to claim the EITC.
What About Other Social Security Benefits?
It’s important to distinguish SSI from other Social Security programs like Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) or retirement benefits. While SSI is not taxable, SSDI and retirement benefits could be taxable if you have additional income. The IRS may tax a portion of your benefits if your combined income exceeds $25,000 for single filers or $32,000 for joint filers.
Where to Get Help
If you’re unsure whether you need to file, the IRS’s Volunteer Income Tax Assistance (VITA) program offers free tax help for low-income individuals. Many local community centres and non-profits also provide free resources for SSI recipients during tax season.
The Bottom Line
Although most SSI recipients do not have to file taxes, doing so could help you claim tax credits, refunds, or missed stimulus payments. Staying informed and taking action could ensure you receive all the benefits you’re entitled to.